1) Name the different types of network topologies and brief its advantages?
Ans) Network Topology is nothing but the physical or logical way in which the devices (like nodes, links, and computers) of a network are arranged. Physical Topology means the actual place where the elements of a network are located.
Logical Topology deals with the flow of data over the networks. A Link is used to connect more than two devices of a network. And more than two links located nearby forms a topology.
The network topologies are classified as mentioned below
1) Bus Topology: In Bus Topology, all the devices of the network are connected to a common cable (also called as the backbone). As the devices are connected to a single cable, it is also termed as Linear Bus Topology.
The advantage of bus topology is that it can be installed easily. And the disadvantage is that if the backbone cable breaks then the whole network will be down.
2) Star Topology: In Star Topology, there is a central controller or hub to which every node or device is connected through a cable. In this topology, the devices are not linked to each other. If a device needs to communicate with the other, then it has to send the signal or data to the central hub. And then the hub sends the same data to the destination device.
The advantage of the star topology is that if a link breaks then only that particular link is affected. The whole network remains undisturbed. The main disadvantage of the star topology is that all the devices of the network are dependent on a single point (hub). If the central hub gets failed, then the whole network gets down.
3) Ring Topology: In Ring Topology, each device of the network is connected to two other devices on either side which in turn forms a loop. Data or Signal in ring topology flow only in a single direction from one device to another and reaches the destination node.
The advantage of ring topology is that it can be installed easily. Adding or deleting devices to the network is also easy. The main disadvantage of ring topology is the data flows only in one direction. And a break at a node in the network can affect the whole network.
4) Mesh Topology: In a Mesh Topology, each device of the network is connected to all other devices of the network. Mesh Topology uses Routing and Flooding techniques for data transmission.
The advantage of mesh topology is if one link breaks then it does not affect the whole network. And the disadvantage is, huge cabling is required and it is expensive.
2) What is the full form of IDEA?
Ans) IDEA stands for International Data Encryption Algorithm.
3) In how many ways the data is represented and what are they?
Ans) Data transmitted through the networks’ comes in different ways like text, audio, video, images, numbers etc.
Audio: It is nothing but the continuous sound which is different from text and numbers.
Video: Continuous visual images or a combination of images.
Images: Every image is divided into pixels. And the pixels are represented using bits. Pixels may vary in size based on the image resolution.
Numbers: These are converted into binary numbers and are represented using bits.
Text: Text is also represented as bits.
4) What is the full form of ASCII?
Ans) ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
5) How a Switch is different from a Hub?
Ans) Below are the differences between a Switch and a Hub,
Below given snapshot clearly, explains the difference between a switch and a hub,
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